Green Tara and White Tara: Feminine Ideals in Buddhist Art

Article of the Month - Sep 2021

This article by Nitin Kumar Editor http://www.exoticindia.com

(Viewed 286570 times since Sep 2021)

Goddess Tara, a female Buddha and meditational deity, is arguably the most popular goddess in the Buddhist pantheon. She is considered to be the goddess of universal compassion who represents virtuous and enlightened activity.

Tibetan Buddhist Goddess White Tara (Large Size)

The word Tara itself is derived from the root 'tri' (to cross), hence the implied meaning:' the one who enables living beings to cross the Ocean of Existence and Suffering'. Her compassion for living beings, her desire to save them from suffering, is said to be even stronger than a mother's love for her children.

The story of Tara's origin, according to the Tara Tantra, recounts that aeons ago she was born as a king's daughter. A spiritual and compassionate princess, she regularly gave offerings and prayers to the ordained monks and nuns. She thus developed great merit, and the monks told her that, because of her spiritual attainments, they would pray that she be reborn as a man and spread Buddhist teachings. She responded that there was no male and no female, that nothing existed in reality, and that she wished to remain in female form to serve other beings until everyone reached enlightenment, hence implying the shortfall in the monk's knowledge in presuming only male preachers for the Buddhist religion. Thus Tara might be considered one of the earliest feminists.

The Origin of Tara Tantra (Tibetan: Sgrol Ma'I Rgyud Kyi Byung Khung Gsal Bar Byed Pa'I Lo Rgyus Gser Gyi Phreng Ba Zhes Bya Ba)

Another legend of Tara is that she was born from the compassionate tears of Avalokiteshvara (The Buddha of compassion):

"Homage! Tara, swift, heroic! With a glance like flashing
lightning, born from a blooming lotus sprung from the tears on
the face of the Lord of the World!"

... Chapter III, Tara Tantra


Tibetan Buddhist Deity Eleven Headed Avalokiteshvara

The above verse refers to the legend of Tara's origin. Avalokiteshvara was looking down from his heaven on the world of suffering beings, and he wept to see that more and more of them were in pain. From the tears streaming down his face two Taras were born, a peaceful white one from the left and a fierce green one from the right. Tara is thus also often referred to as Avalokiteshvara's consort.

In a historical sense, Tara is associated with the two pious and virtuous wives of Tibet's first great religious king, Songsten Gambo  (d. 649). White Tara is associated with his wife from imperial China, Wen Cheng, and Green Tara is identified with Bhrkuti, his Nepalese wife.

To the Buddhists the symbolism of color is of great import. The sadhanas (ancient manuals laying down procedures for worship) are very particular in stipulating the colors of the deities visualized. This color is intended not only to unfold the nature of the deity represented but also to indicate the functions to be performed by that deity. Specifically colors are used in the paintings under a definite mystic scheme, based on the psychic experiences of the sadhaka (worshipper).


35" x 18" Goddess Green Tara - Tibetan Buddhist | Brocadeless Thangka | Handmade

No wonder then that her devotees visualize Tara in a myriad variety of colors:

'Some have a vision of you (Tara) as red as the sun with rays
more brilliant and red than the lac and the vermilion. Others see
you blue like the sapphire. Some again see you whiter than the
milk churned out of the milky ocean. Still others see you golden.
Your visva-rupa is like a crystal which changes its color with
the change of the things around it.'

... Arya-Tara-sragdhara-stotra
The most popular of all the known forms of Tara are the widely worshipped Green and White Taras. It is believed that the first artists modeled Green Tara on a young virgin, and the White Tara on a physically mature, voluptuous woman. Thus traditionally whereas the Green Tara is visualized as young girl having a mischievous and playful nature, the White Tara is represented as a mature woman, full-breasted and wise. This tradition survives to the present times.

Green Tara

Green Tara is Tara's most dynamic manifestation. Her color symbolizes youthful vigor and activity. The Buddhist Lord of karma (action), Amoghasiddhi, is also associated with the green color, thus signifying that they belong to the same family. This is a further affirmation of the perception that Green Tara is a goddess of action.

Tibetan Buddhist Goddess Green Tara (Large Size)

She is often depicted in a posture of ease with right leg extended, signifying her readiness to spring into action. The left leg is folded in the contemplative position on the lotus pedestal, the two together thus symbolizing the integration of wisdom and art.

Her left hand, in the gesture of granting refuge holds the stem of a blue lotus that floats over her left shoulder as a symbol of purity and power. With her right hand she makes the boon-granting gesture.

On a lotus seat, standing for realization of voidness,

(You are) the emerald-colored, one-faced, two-armed Lady
In youth's full bloom, right leg out, left drawn in,
Showing the union of  wisdom and art -  homage to you!
Like the outstretched branch of the heavenly turquoise tree,
Your supple right hand makes the boon-  granting gesture,
Inviting the wise to a feast of supreme accomplishments,
As if to an entertainment-homage to you!
Your left hand gives us refuge, showing the Three Jewels;
It says, "You people who see a hundred dangers,
Don't be frightened-I shall swiftly save you!"
Homage to you!
Both hands signal with blue blue utpala flowers,
"Samsaric beings! Cling not to worldly pleasures.
Enter the great city of liberation!"
Flower-goads prodding us to effort-homage to you!

... First Dalai Lama (1391-1474)

 

36" x 52" Goddess Green Tara - Tibetan Buddhist | Handmade

In visual arts she is shown as resembling an exceptionally lovely human being in everything but the color of her skin and the splendor of her ornaments. The slender, long proportioned body of the goddess is shown dusky olive green in color and her coloring reverberates against the striped cushion of her throne back. The painting technique itself is extremely refined, the pigment flat and thin, and it does not emphasize linear outlining except in the most subtle way. The mysterious and intriguing nature of Green Tara is marvelously captured in the medium of painting by the ingenious blending of the typical iconographical setting with the color scheme.

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  • i am so very proud because they are beautiful. sana ipagpatuloy pa nila ang paggawa nito thank you ganda ko
    ma.castillo ganda nase March 03, 2014
  • Mother Tara has saved me Eversince I started chanting her mantra.. The moment you call her name she will be in your heart to help you .
    Sally tan December 17, 2012
  • I am currently getting a half sleeve of the green tara on my arm. Its been 4 hrs so far and its only about half way done. its so beautiful in appearance and meaning. i love the Green Tara's inspiration more than any other deity. everyone always asks me about my tat and I try to explain most people just don’t understand the depth and power she has. My tat was started 3 months ago and she has already had an enormous impact on my life. I feel stronger and more inspired than I ever have. I feel a over whelming sense of liberation and belonging in my life. Thank you Green Tara.
    Amanda Riddle May 29, 2012
  • I (as others here) have a long history of spiritual practice with various gurus. I find myself very drawn to Tara. She seems easily accessible and quite "real". If anyone wants to practice with Her, I recommend that you begin by simply giving Her your love and regard. After a short while, you can begin to feel Her Regard, in various ways. Specific instruction on practices can be found by emailing me. (tried to post url here but they don't allow that) Blessings and best of luck to everyone. It would be nice to have an online forum for those interested in Her. It is even possible to meditate together, online. I've tried that on a small scale and it really can work. Feel free to contact me.
    ElectricMan October 21, 2011
  • Very beautiful, thank you so much for this wonderful information and beautiful pictures
    Sannyasi Shraddhamurti October 24, 2010
  • I am highly inspired with green Tara and instantly in love with "OM tare tuttare ture svaha" its calm and I am eager to know more and more about this deity... need religious Tibetan / Buddhist friends :)
    yogi October 12, 2010
  • HAPPY TO FIND THIS NEWSLETTER. NEED BUDDHIST FRIENDS AND INFO. ALICE
    Alice Lesh October 09, 2010
  • check out what the Dalai Lama has to say about New Kadampa - and no proslytizing please
    pema wangmo September 29, 2009
  • Is there any suggestion you can give on how, when and where reciting/chanting the mantra? is there just one mantra for green and white tara? thanks
    tarab October 14, 2008
  • Sorry, didnt understand how the site worked. Just a little info for those of you who wish to use the Green Tara mantra. Under the Tibetan tradition, the blessing and mantra needs to be transmitted by a Lama, it isnt considered appropriate just to use the mantra without. best wishes
    Kunga Lhamo September 19, 2008